Hydrocarbon motor



Feb. 21 1928. 1 59,709-

' H. M. SCOVEL HYDROCARBON MOTOR Filed Nov. 14, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheeg 2Patented 21,1928.

UnirES o-F-Fifce rant-lira MARTIN scovEL, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, AssIGitfoR To PACKARDMOTOR-CAR CGMPANY, 013 DETROIT, MICEIGAN,'ACORBORATION OF MICHIGAN.

HYDBOCARBON Moron. f

Application filedNovember 14, 1919. Serial No. 338,085.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon inotors and more particularly tothe construction of cylinder unitsand to the various parts of built upcylinders;

One of the objects of the invention s to provide a novel jacketedcylinder unit of light weight and of great strength.

Another object is to provide a unit having a water jacket, cylinderbarrel and cylinder:

head assembled and connected together in a novel and eiiioient manner. v

Another object is to provide a cylinder unit with a cylinder head inwhich the various parts are,formedintegral w th the head, therebyforming'a strong and rigid.

construction;

Other objects will appear from the, following description taken inconnection with the drawings, in which:

Fig. tie a vertical, longitudinal section, partly broken away,illustrating ,a complete cylinder unit, nade in accordance with'myinvention;

Fig. 2 is a 'plan view of the cylinder head part oi the unit showninFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the head shown in F ig. 2;

Fig. i is an elevational view taken at right angles to Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is'an enlarged detail sectional view illustrating the manner ofconnecting the cylinder head to the "barrel;

Fig. 6 is a plan viewv of one of the bracing members for the valve steinguiding means;

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the'member shown in-Fig. 6,and r Fi g. 8 is an enlarged detail view in section,

illustrating the construction of the valve stem guiding means and lug towhich this guiding meansisconnected and with respect to which it isbraced. v

My improved cylinder unit comp'ri'ses a forged cylinder barrel and aforged cylinder head welded to the barrel, the cylinder head havingforged integral therewith inletand exhaust elbows and valve stem guidingmembers. The combustion chamber is also forged integral withthe cylinderhead and is pro vided with means for receiving ,the spark plugs.provided w'vith upwardly extending lugs for supporting the valve shafthousing, these lugs also receiving bracing 'inem'bers which areconnected to the valve stem guiding mem- The cylinder head forging alsois hers to prevent these members fronispreading. Thevarious parts of thecylinder barrel and cylinder head are provided with rims or'fl'anges towhich the waterwjacketis welded. This construction is described morefully hereinafter.

Referring to the drawings, I have illustrated in F ig. j1 a completecylinder unit adapted to be used as a part'of a hydrocarbon noto Thiscylinder unit is ofthe overhead valve type and it will be understoodthat the cylinders may be built up separately or in pairs ora pluralityof cylinders in the block as desired for the particular conditionsunderwhich they are'used.

'The cylinder barrellO is preferably made' of a 'steel forging machinedboth inside and outs de and formed with a flange 11 for the purpose ofattaching-the cylinderto the crank case or to an adjacent cylinder. A

iiangei'lQ' is provided adjacent the upper end of the barrel,this'flange being adapted, to be welded to an outwardly extending peripheral flange 13 formed on the lower end of the cylinder'head 14 whichis superposed upon. the barrel and is welded thereto as shown 'at15. Inorder to properly position the head 14 on the barrel 10 an annularrecess le s formed in the lower edge of the head afnd this recess isadapted to receive the 7 upper, outer edge of the cylinder barrel, the

flanges 152 and 13 being spaced apart su tfi eien tly to expose a largesurface for welding.

Thecylinder head is formedtr-om a single drop forging and the lowerportion has formed therein a combustion chamber 17 having diametricallyopposed bosses 18 which arescrew threaded as shown at 19 and are adaptedto receive spark plugs. The cylinder head forging also includes anintake elbow 20 and an exhaust elbow 21, tubularto the lugs 23 and tothe valve stem guiding members. The lugs 23 also serve as supports forthe cam shaft housing.

This cylinder head forging is made by two counter-part dies which takethe form of the device shown in Figs. 3, and 4, the dies being ividedsubstantiallyon the section of Fig. 1. It will be understood, of course,that in the rough forging the intake and exhaust elbows will be solidand there will I be a substantial amount of metal between the bosses 23and their respective elbows, to provide for the usual draught inforging. This excess metal will later be machined off as will also theinterior of the elbows be machined. The brace 2a is formed as a sop-asvIVhen the elbows are machined the valve following. manner.

rate, piece as is clearly described above.

' formed on .the barrel 10 and flanges or ribs 26 are formed on'thebosses 18. The outwardly extending tubular portions 27 of the intake andexhaust elbows are also provided with flanges 28 and annular ribs orflanges 29 are formed on the bracing member 24' and surround theapertures through which extend the lugs 23 and valve stem ,guidingmembers 22. The water jacket is provided with suitable apertures for thereception of the bosses 18, outer ends 27 of the elbows and the outerends of the valve stem guiding members 22 and also the lugs 23 and afterthe jacket has been placed over these parts the portions of the jacketsur rounding the'flanges or ribs just described are welded thereto.

It will thus be seen that the cylinder unit comprises the two forgings,namely the cylinder barrel and the cylinder head, and the welded onjacket. The forgings are welded together after which the jacket isplaced over the forgings and welded thereto. Thus the two upwardlyextending elbows of the cylinder head and their bosses 23 are connectedtogether by the sheet metal jacket thereby forming a rigid connectionbetween the two elbows.

It will be readily seen that this construction is light, strong andrigid and may be easily, quickly and accurately manufactured, the entirecylinder head and inlet and exhaust elbows being formed from a singledrop forging. The compression space or compression chamber in thecylinder head can be very accurately machined and, therefore, the volumecan be accurately determined asthe head may be machined before it iswelded to the cylinder. 7

While I have in the above specification described one embodiment of myinvention, it should be understood that the invention is capable ofmodification and that modifications and changes may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in thefollowing claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: j

l. A cylinder unit comprising in combination a cylinder barrel, acylinder head forging having an integrally formed combustion chamber andinlet and exhaust elbows and valve stem guiding members, means forbracing said Valve stem guiding members and flanges carried by saidbarrel, said com- 1 bustion chamber, said elbows and said bracing meansfor the valve stem guiding mem bers and a water jacket welded to said,flange. V

2. A cylinder unit comprising a erally extending flange adjacent itslower end, means includingflan annular-recess in the head whereby saidhead may be posibarrel having a laterally extending flange ad acent itsupper end, a cylinder head havlng a lat-.

tioned on said barrel with said flanges in proximity to each other inposition to be welded together. i

3. A cylinder unit comprising a barrel having a flange extendinglaterallytherefrom and spaced from the upper end thereof, a head havinga flange extending laterally from its lower edge and adapted to bewelded to said first named flange, said head having an annular recessadjacent its lower edge adapted to engage the upper edge of said barrelto properly position said cylin 'der head on said barrel.

4. In a cylinder for hydrocarbon motors, a conduit forged integrallytherewith and a valve stem guiding member forged integral with saidconduit and extending dowu-. wardly into said conduit with a water spacesurrounding it.

5. In a cylinder head. for hydrocarbon motors, a valve stem guidingmember forged integral with saidhead, a lug" forged integral with saidhead and bracing means rigidly connecting said lug and said guidingmember.

6. In a cylinder head, a plurality of integrally forged valve stemguiding members,

integrally forged cam shaft and housing, supports carried by said headand means connected to saidlsupports and said members for bracing saidmembers and supporting a water jacket cover for said head.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HENRY MARTIN SCOVEL.

